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The following example demonstrates the use of the evaluator on some set-theoretic notions. We define the product of two sets A and B as
This is written in the language of the evaluator as
fun x(A, B) = set(a in A, b in B: true, tuple(a, b));
(where "true" is a placeholder for additional restrictions on a and b).
This function definition is stored in a file
set.txt
which is loaded in the evaluator as
shown below. When pressing the Enter
key, the product of the sets {1,
2, 3} and {0, 1} is computed (you may also experiment with other
examples).
File set.txt
also includes a definition of the
unary function Powerset
that returns the set of all subsets of
a given set
where the subset relationship
is defined in the evaluator as
pred isSubset(A, B) <=> forall(x in A: in(x, B));
For instance, if we take S as {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}, then its powerset is computed as
We now want to check whether every element in this powerset is indeed a subset of the input, i.e.,
The test is computed by the following program:
Now for some geometry: a tuple p = <px, py> of numbers may be interpreted as a point in the plane with horizontal coordinate px and vertical coordinate py, respectively. The relation
p ~ q :<=> r = s where |
(r = (px-cx)2+(py-cy)2, |
s = (qx-cx)2+(qy-cy)2) |
expresses the fact that two points p and q have the same distance from a given point c. The set of points
therefore describes the circle with center c that goes through p.
Using the corresponding definitions
pred ~(p: Point, q: Point) <=> let (r = +(-^2(.0(p), .0(c)), -^2(.1(p), .1(c))), s = +(-^2(.0(q), .0(c)), -^2(.1(q), .1(c))): ~=(r, s)); fun circle(p: Point) = set(x in rangeX, y in rangeY, q = tuple(x, y): ~(p, q), q);
stored in file circle.txt
we can visualize such a circle as shown below (this
may take a few seconds; you have to stay with the cursor on the input field
such that it remains gray).
Likewise, we may partition (a subset of) the plane into the set of all such circles
In the executable version, we take a fixed value for y in order to speed up the computation (the result is the same). It will nevertheless take some minutes; please stay with the cursor on the gray input field: