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Examples

Arithmetic

• Symbols: 0-9, +, -, *, /, (, )
• Words: numerals.
• Phrases: arithmetic expressions.
• Sentences: phrases.

Pascal-like programming language

• Symbols: letters, digits, operators, ...
• Words: keywords, idents, numerals, ...
• Phrases: expressions, statements, ...
• Sentences: programs.

Languages have internal structure.